Contents
History
The Radiobiology Laboratory at the University of Utah conducted experiments on a variety of radionuclides starting in 1950. The origins of the Utah program was described by T. Dougherty et.al. in “Studies of the biological effects of 226Ra, 239Pu, 228Ra (msTh), 228Th (RdTh) and 90Sr in adult beagles” Radiation Research 17:625-681. and B.J. Stover and C.N. Stover Jr, “The laboratory for Radiobiology at the University of Utah”, in Radiobiology of Plutonium, JW Press, Salt Lake City, 1972 pp. 29-46. Department of Energy support of the laboratory was phased out by 1995; remaining life-span animals were transferred to ITRI in 1990.
The Beagle studies at Utah were initiated by the Atomic Energy Commission to predict the risk from 239Pu in people, based on the observed effects in the U.S. radium dial painters and the relative toxicity of 239Pu vs. 226Ra, to be established in young adult beagles. For simplicity and reproducibility, most of the dogs received a single intravenous injection of radionuclide, usually in citrate solution, at about 17 months of age when their skeletal maturity corresponded to that of an 18-year-old radium dial painter or plutonium worker. Additional radionuclides were also studied in young adult beagles. Some dogs were injected with 239Pu or 226Ra at either 3 months of age (to represent children) or 5 years of age (to represent middle-aged persons).
Drs. Austin Brues, Robley Evans and Wright Langham provided the impetus and guiding direction for the Utah studies.
On Sept 15, 1987, all remaining living beagles in the studies [157] were transferred to the ITRI colony for continued study and care for the remainder of their lives.
The laboratory directors have been: John Z. Bowers (1950-1952), Tomas F. Dougherty (1952-1974), W.”Web” S.S. Jee(1974-1979) McDonald E. Wrenn (1979-1987), and Scott C. Miller (1987-1995). Other investigators associated with the Utah studies were (in alphabetic order): J.S. Arnold, D.R. Atherton, D.L. Berliner, F.W. Bruenger, J.H. Dougherty, R.D Lloyd, C.W. Mays, C.E. Rehfeld, M. Shifrine, N.P. Singh, W. Stevens, B.J. Stover, G.N. Taylor, and, M.A. Van Dilla. In addition, Erich Polig of the Kernforschungszentrum, Karlsruhe, Germany, has had a long association with the Utah studies.
Read “A Guide To the Beagle Studies at the University of Utah” Annual Report with all studies and years documented.
For more information about the radium and plutonium studes done at the Radiobiology Lab at Utah, read the following review :
Lloyd, R. D. , Taylor, G. N. , Miller, S. C. , Bruenger, F. W. & Jee, W. S.(2001).Review Of 239Pu And 226Ra Effects In Beagles.Health Physics,81(6),691-697.
Data
| AnimalInventoryUTAH.xlsx |
| DogPathology_Utah.zip |
| Utah Injection Tables.pdf
|
Laboratory Test Numbering System |
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| UTAH ID | Initial | Code | Number | ID_assigned_number | Initial | Radionuclide |
| M001R0.0 | M | Male | 001 | Chronological assigned number | R | Ra-226 |
| F233A00 | F | Female | 233 | Chronological assigned number | A | Ancillary |
| T322P20 | T | Test Animal | 322 | Chronological assigned number | P | Pu-239 |
| M | Ra-228 | |||||
| T | TH-228 | |||||
| S | SR-90 | |||||
| Q | Ra-224 | |||||
| J | Sr-85 | |||||
| W | Am-241 | |||||
| Additional Notes | ||||||
| A following regular dog number denotes the dog was a replacement | ||||||
| H following the regular dog number means the dog received dose in several injections | ||||||
| B, C, or D denotes assignment to serial sacrifice schedule.
Information for this table was gathered from the 1986 Annual Report |
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Research in Radiobiology Annual Reports
DOCUMENT REPORTS RESULTING FORM THE UTAH STUDIES
TID-7639 Jun 1954 Consultants Meeting
AECU-3418 Mar 1955 Annual Report
AECU-3109 Sep 1955 Semi-Annual Report
TID-16458 Mar 1956 Annual Report
TID-16459 Sep 1956 Semi-Annual Report
AECU-3522 Mar 1957 Annual Report
AECU-3583 Sep 1957 Semi-Annual Report
COO-215 Mar 1958 Annual Report
COO-216 Mar 1958 Escape of Radon and Thoron
COO-217 Sep 1958 Semi-Annual Report
AECU-4112 Feb 1959 Radioactive Fallout
COO-218 Mar 1959 Annual Report
COO-219 Sep 1959 Semi-Annual Report
COO-220 Mar 1960 Research in Radiobiology
COO-221 Aug 1960 Interim Report of 9°Sr
COO-222 Sep 1960 Research in Radiobiology
COO-223 Mar 1961 Research in Radiobiology
COO-224 Sep 1961 Research in Radiobiology
COO-225 Mar 1962 Research in Radiobiology
COO-226 Sep 1962 Research in Radiobiology
COO-227 Mar 1963 Research in Radiobiology
COO-228 Sep 1963 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-229 Mar 1964 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-230 July 1964 (Superseded by COO-119-245)
COO-119-231 Sep 1964 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-232 Mar 1965 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-233 Sep 1965 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-234 Mar 1966 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-235 Sep 1966 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-236 Mar 1967 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-237 Mar 1968 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-238 Aug 1968 Rb in RBC, Plasma, and Urine
COO-119-239 Dec 1968 Cs, Rb, and K Metabolism
COO-119-240 Mar 1969 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-241 Mar 1970 Retention and Dosimetry
COO-119-242 Jan 1971 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-243 Jan 1971 Osteosarcoma Growth Dynamics
COO-119-244 Mar 1971 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-245 May 1971 (Superseded by COO-119-255)
COO-119-246 Mar 1972 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-247 Oct 1972 Rb and Cs Metabolism
COO-119-248 Mar 1973 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-249 Mar 1975 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-250 Mar i975 Research in Radiobiology
COO-I19-25! Mar 1976 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-252 Mar 1977 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-253 Mar 1978 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-254 Mar 1979 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-255 Jan 1980 Radiobiology Safety Manual
COO-119-256 Mar 1980 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-257 Mar 1982 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-258 Mar 1983 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-259 Dec 1984 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-261 Dec 1985 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-262 Dec 1986 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-263 Dec 1987 Research in Radiobiology
COO-119-264 Dec 1988 Research in Radiobiology
LMF-121 Dec 1988 ITRI Annual Report
LMF-128 Aug 1990 Annual Report on Long-Term Dose-Response Studies of Inhaled or Injected Radionuclides, 1988-1989
LMF-130 Mar 1991 Annual Report on Long-Term Dose-Response Studies of Inhaled or Injected Radionuclides, 1989-1990
LMF-135 Mar 1991 Annual Report on Long-Term Dose-Response Studies of Inhaled or Injected Radionuclides, 1990-1991
ITRI-139 Jan 1994 Biennial Report on Long-Term Dose-Response Studies of Inhaled or Injected Radionuclides, 1991-1993
References
Dagle GE, Sanders CL. Radionuclide injury to the lung. Environ Health Perspect. 1984;55:129-137. doi:10.1289/ehp.8455129
Goldman, M, & Bustad, L K. (1972) BIOMEDICAL IMPLICATIONS OF RADIOSTRONTIUM EXPOSURE. Proceedings of a Symposium held at Davis, California, February 22–24, 1971. AEC Symposium Series 25. U.S.Atomic Energy Commission. Print.
Gerber, G B, Watson, C R, Sugahara, T, & Okada, S. International radiobiology archives of long-term animal studies. I. Descriptions of participating institutions and studies. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/376402 Access pdf of “grey book”
Mays, C. W. & Dougherty, T. F. (1972). Progress in the Beagle Studies at the University of Utah. Health Physics, 22 (6), 793-801.
Thompson, R. C., & Pacific Northwest Laboratory. (1989). Life-span effects of ionizing radiation in the Beagle dog: A summary account of four decades of research funded by the U.S. Department of Engery and its predecessor agencies. Richland, Wash.: Pacific Northwest Laboratory. Access pdf of “red book”.
Boecker, B B, Muggenburg, B A, Miller, S C, & Bradley, P L. Long-term dose-response studies of inhaled or injected radionuclides. Biennial report, 1 October 1991–30 September 1993. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/10158878